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Instaling The Cave2/17/2024 Look for the legislative requirements that apply in your jurisdiction and the type of protective measures to be taken.Soil properties often vary widely within a single trench (e.g., the soil type changes from top to bottom and along the length of a trench). Identify the soil type(s) related to the excavation or trench you are going to dig.The employer or supervisor is responsible for the work, and must take the necessary steps to identify all the hazards and risks before beginning any work. What should occur before beginning an excavation? Back to top machine, water seepage, whether the soil has been excavated before, etc. The soil type is determined by the characteristics of the soil's consistency, ease of removal, appearance, ability to excavate with hand tools vs. Soil types typically use a scale of 1 to 4 where 1 is hard and dense to 4 which is loose, soft, wet or muddy soil, or a scale of A to C where A is hard and solid, and C is soft, sandy, filled or loose. When a soil type is defined, the purpose is to try to identify or predict the potential for the soil to move and cause a collapse while the work is being done. In addition, some jurisdictions have not defined soil types, but do require preventative measures when an excavation reaches a certain depth or proportion. Hazards related to materials handling (e.g., lifting, struck by, crushed between, etc.).ĭefinitions of soil types vary by jurisdiction in Canada.Being struck by moving machinery, or by falling or flying objects.Slips, trips and falls as workers climb on and off equipment, or from inappropriate access and egress methods.Contact with overhead electrical lines.Contact with buried service lines such as electrical, natural gas, water, sewage, telecommunications, etc.Exposure to a hazardous atmosphere (e.g., gas, vapour, dust, biological contaminants, or lack of oxygen).Equipment or excavated soil falling on workers (e.g., equipment is operated or soil and debris is stored too close to the excavation).Cave-ins or collapses that can trap or crush workers.Working in trenches and excavations is hazardous to both the workers who work inside them, and to workers on the surface. What are the hazards associated with trenching and excavation? Back to top A trench is an excavation in which the depth exceeds (is bigger than) the width. Generally speaking, an excavation is a hole in the ground as the result of removing material. What is meant by a trench and an excavation? Back to top
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